crypto: polyval - Add POLYVAL support

Add support for POLYVAL, an ε-Δ-universal hash function similar to
GHASH.  This patch only uses POLYVAL as a component to implement HCTR2
mode.  It should be noted that POLYVAL was originally specified for use
in AES-GCM-SIV (RFC 8452), but the kernel does not currently support
this mode.

POLYVAL is implemented as an shash algorithm.  The implementation is
modified from ghash-generic.c.

For more information on POLYVAL see:
Length-preserving encryption with HCTR2:
  https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1441.pdf
AES-GCM-SIV: Nonce Misuse-Resistant Authenticated Encryption:
  https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8452



Signed-off-by: Nathan Huckleberry <nhuck@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>