closures: closure_get_not_zero(), closure_return_sync()

Provide new primitives for solving a lifetime issue with bcachefs
btree_trans objects.

closure_sync_return(): like closure_sync(), wait synchronously for any
outstanding gets. like closure_return, the closure is considered
"finished" and the ref left at 0.

closure_get_not_zero(): get a ref on a closure if it's alive, i.e. the
ref is not zero.

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>